How Yelp Has Impacted Business - 1412 Words

Yelp is a popular crowd-sourced local business review and social networking site. This paper aims to find out about how Yelp has impacted business’s. In my research I have found that Yelp impacts business’s positively and negatively. Consumers are becoming more familiar with online review sites like yelp, therefore putting more trust into them. These reviews are influencing potential new customers in the market. Positive reviews are associated with generating more profit and revenue. The Impact of Yelp It’s hump day, and my roommate and I are deciding on what to eat. We’re looking for something economical without sacrificing taste. As we wander through UTC, we walk pass Chipotle, Yogurtland, Blaze Pizza etc. With so†¦show more content†¦Description of Yelp Yelp is a major multinational company with main offices located in San Francisco. It was founded by former PayPal staff in 2004; intended as an email referral center, then re-launched. Yelp quickly grew and received positive reviews form consumers. It is approximated that Yelp has made more than $30 million in terms of revenue. Yelp also creates, markets, and hosts yelp mobile application and yelp.com mail. The company also conducts training to small business’s on how to responsibly react to reviews. (Funk 2013) Yelp can be termed as a crowd-cause business that implores on reviews and also acts as a social networking place. Users and reviewers submit their reviews on particular pro ducts and services of their choice and rate them with stars ranging from one to five (Faltings et al, 2012) All businesses in Yelp’s website are able to correct or change basic information about their products, hours of operations, update contacts or information and other necessary special needs. Users are also given a platform to: react to different reviews about different products and services, come up with social events and interact freely with each other. According to research Yelp is one of the most interactive and important site on the Internet, with more than 34 user- based cities. Yelp application for phones has enabled users to follow, search and review faster using smart phones. It is becoming increasingly vital for all business owners

Professional Code of Ethics - 1887 Words

Personal Code of Ethics Personal Code of Ethics I believe that my personal code of ethics compares to the professional code of ethics very similar. I believe that no matter what profession a person is in that they should always be honest and trustworthy as well as have good morals and ethics. My code of ethics is very similar to the professional code of ethics. One of the differences between my code of ethics and the professional code of ethics is that I would not do anything for the profession that would ruin or tarnish my reputation. I have somewhat high standards and I do not like to be thought of in a wrong manner. I have good strong morals to support my ethical thinking. For the most part I believe my personal code of ethics is†¦show more content†¦Forensic accountants need to possess strong written and oral communication skills. In this profession it is imperative to have a strong accounting background; a thorough knowledge of auditing, risk assessment, and control and fraud detention; and a basic understanding of the legal system. It is important for forensic accountants to possess the ability to interview and effectively elicit information from people who may not be willing to give truthful answers. Therefore, it is important for forensic accountants to be skeptical of those people that they deal with. Knowledge and experience in financial planning and management techniques, as well as advanced computer skills, including an ability to understand and apply various information technology and accounting systems, are also key characteristics of forensic accountants† (Crumbley, 2003) One of the most common issues that forensic accountants face is misstatements of a company’s financial position. Some areas of expertise that forensic accountants have are: mortgage banking, securities trading, and insurance fraud just to name a few. After the scandal with the company Enron, there are many companies out there that want to protect themselves and hire forensic accountants to investigate or even prevent fraud in their company. Forensic accountants have liability claims involving ethicalShow MoreRelatedEthics Code Of Professional Ethics980 Words   |  4 Pagesthe importance of AICPA’ â€Å"Code of Professional Ethics† and its components, and the influence of management perceptions on firms’ ethical environment (p. 919). Introduction. The authors study business ethics, compliance with ethics code, ethical issues, and ethical behavior of company management. The researchers concern with ethical believes of company employees and executives, and growing number of legal proceedings due to ethical issues. The ethics code help professionals maintaining independenceRead MoreA Professional Code Of Ethics1283 Words   |  6 Pagesglobalization. As members of the student body, University of the People students must understand the detriments of plagiarism, piracy and ensure they protect Intellectual Property and respect copyright laws. Developing a professional code of ethics as a computer professional, will help navigate our careers and help us make proper ethical decisions and choices. Intellectual Property The University of the People’s Intellectual Property policy requires we respect individual property rights and abideRead MoreThe Professional Codes Of Ethics805 Words   |  4 Pageslives. According to â€Å"Chapter 1† in the professional codes of ethics section, there are different helping profession and each one has their guidelines of ethics to follow. It’s a good thing to want to help people and to work in the helping profession, but to help minimize the damage that could occur there are professional codes of ethics and laws put in place. Summary The focus of â€Å"Chapter 1† consisted of helping practitioners learn professional ethics which was pointed out on the first pageRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Professional Code Of Ethics1222 Words   |  5 PagesReliableaudits Co. whom has been allocated to the audit of the companies below which I will further discuss each company situation review. I will describe the possible threats to companies’ independence with respect to appropriate section of the Professional Code of Ethics. Lastly, under each company review, I will also propose necessary recommendations in order for Reliableaudits Co. to safeguard against potential independence threats that have been identified. 1. Jatbulla Ltd. This case has two threatRead MoreEthics And Code Of Professional Conduct1598 Words   |  7 PagesAustralia’s (NMBA) Code of Ethics and Code of Professional Conduct. Failure to provide care within these parameters could lead to serious consequences for the patient and nurse themselves. Enrolled Nurses must work within certain legal and ethical parameters to ensure appropriate care is provided to patients and also so the nursing profession itself is upheld in a respectful and trusting manner. In order to work ethically, nurses are required to adhere to the code of ethics and code of professional conductRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Professional Conduct1274 Words   |  6 PagesReview of the Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct of BIP The Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct (CEPC) has been formulated on the basis of article 44, 45, 46, 47 of BIP constitution, to secure the rights and benefits of the Planners community in Bangladesh. CEPC not only provide guidance and support to the members of BIP on their lead in the professional field but also offers assurance to the client who avails the services of Planners. Members have the opportunity to express their opinionRead MoreCode of Ethics for Computer Professionals1134 Words   |  4 PagesMost professions have codes of ethics and for the same reasons computer professionals need a code of ethics. Professions that have been in existence for many more years than the information profession have had time to recognise their ethical responsibilities. In the information field it can be more difficult to immediately recognise who is affected by the actions of an individual or organisation. This does not mean that information professionals have no moral responsibilitie s. It is common acrossRead MoreMy Professional Code Of Ethics1208 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Ethics is knowing the difference between what you have a right to do and what is right to do† said Poher Stewart (Lindstrom, 2012). Public health professionals follow a code of ethics in order to better serve their community by respecting the rights and choice of the individual they are helping. In this paper, I will list my professional code of ethics as a healthcare professional and provide examples of how I apply it to better serve my community and the athletes individually. Introduction PublicRead MoreCode Of Ethics : Professional Counselor799 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent professional counselor. She also, requested all records, the clinical case notes written by the counselor during her counseling sessions, and the clinical case notes her current counselor received from her previous counselors. The counselor breached code B.6.e ACA Code of Ethics because she refused to give the client a copy of the clinical case notes recorded during her therapy sessions. The counselor stated, â€Å"The notes I’ve written will not be very helpful to you†. This code informs usRead MoreEthics And Professional Codes Of Conduct878 Words   |  4 PagesEthics and Professional Codes of Conduct (Unit 10), Trump won the president in this month. After two months, Donald Trump will be the official president. However, the concerns about his ethics is upcoming to everyone’s mind. As we known, The Trump Organization runs a lot of business all around the US. When Donald Trump moves into the White House, he ll be the most controversial president in America history. After Trump is the president, his business interest is related to the politic. But there

Need Cash Look Inside Your Company free essay sample

Look inside your company This article was very interesting to read and brought to my attention several issues. Following the world financial crisis, a common scenario in today’s business world sees organizations always struggling for capital. However, with the ability to better manage their internal policies and processes, organizations may discover that considerable cash flow can be unlocked while making significant difference between failure and survival. The authors highlight six common mistakes that firms commonly make in managing their working capital. In my opinion some of them can be argued. The first issue raised is managing to the income statement. Organizations are suggested not to manage to their income statement, as several important cost articles are not reported on it; in this scenario, managers are keen to tie capital up in stock and receivables. The presented example represents this point with the common volume discount. Managers should pay particular attention before buying more supply than they actually need in exchange of a discount, because often this move may result in more costs at the end. We will write a custom essay sample on Need Cash? Look Inside Your Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This concept can easily apply to all elements of the working capital. This idea was very well expressed with the example of the metal refining firm which decided to reduce its payment terms from 185 to 45 days. This provoked a decrease in sales, however, it enabled the firm to save 8 Million a year in less capital costs, compensating also for the decrease in transactions. I think this method should be carefully analyzed, I do not agree with the â€Å"one method fits for all† kind of approach. I believe that this approach may be valid according to the situation. I reckon that the most valuable clients should entitle to some flexibility, although in some cases, reducing all of a sudden payment terms may impact on the firm flexibility. On the other hand, this approach may resolve issues with those customers that constantly pay late. The second mistake reported is rewarding the sale force for growth alone. I totally agree with the fact that sales people should not be rewarded only based on the sales they book in. This way there is no incentive for them to assist in managing customer payment nor to assess the type of client they are acquiring; their only focus would be just on closing the deal at all costs even by offering payment delays or discounts without following up. Very relevant was the example that the author suggested of the aforementioned metals refining firm, which applied more aggressive policies on receivables and resolved the issue of bad receivable generating annual flow of $3 Million. The third point raised was overemphasizing quality. The author suggests that firms should rethink in applying production rewarding systems based on quality, because this way will badly impact on production speed. I believe this concept is valid to a certain extent. On the provided example this approach made sense: the firm was investing resources for superior quality at extended manufacturing cycles. However, customers did not value the level of quality the company was offering; overall it was a waste of resources. Moreover, the firm was unable to pass associated costs to customers so it was losing. On the contrary, customer valued reduced manufacturing times and costs kept down. I believe that there was a misalignment of considered value between the firm and the customers, as although companies may reconsider the quality level of their products, they mostly need to better understand what customers value the most and align with that. The forth problem is Tying receivable to payable. The main issue identified reports that firms tend to duplicate the relationship that they have with suppliers with the relationship they have with customers. In this sense if the suppliers give the firm tight terms, the firm tries to recover the cash by contracting its credit policies with clients. This assumption has been demonstrated to be completely wrong and I completely agree with this point. There should not be a unique process for suppliers as well as customers. The nature of relationships is different and need to be managed according to their conditions. Different factors are relevant to determine the terms that a company formulate for its customers or accept by its suppliers, such as relative bargaining power, industry structure, and ompetition; in each case those factors differ in the two levels of relationships. That is why firms should have a strategy in place focusing on broaden supplier’s payment time and minimize receivable times from clients; however, in my opinion firms should also aim to be flexible and consider developing terms that are tailored for each supplier and customer segment to address their specific nee ds and deliver maximum value. The fifth issue addressed is applying current and quick ration. The article suggests that firms should not manage by current and quick ratio. Because bankers use this approach in managing credit decision, many organizations consequently try to maximize their numbers to show enough liquid assets and manage by following those bankers guideline. The author however, expressed a valuable point highlighting the fact that following this process and by managing to a banker ratio, there is a proven high level of bankruptcy. To demonstrate this he proposed the case of the French customer goods firm, which announced insolvency after six months, after confidently declaring that its ratio rose from 110% to 200% and its quick ratio from 35% to 100%. However, reporting only one case does not make this approach a rule. I wonder what would the statistics be on this. The article concludes by addressing the last issue of benchmarking competitors. The author discusses that it is very common for managers to compare company performance with industry competitors and suggests that is not a good practice to adopt. I completely agree, examples of successful and innovative organizations like Dell, suggest that it is necessary to come up with creative ideas to look beyond industry boundaries. In fact, when Dell started to compare its products with retailers instead of just comparing them with computer companies, renovated its whole working capital practices. Organizations are suggested to start thinking differently, â€Å"outside the box† and take a more innovative approach. To achieve this organizations have to stop relying entirely on the standard industry benchmarks to guide their practices. Looking at what alternative industries are doing implies also to intimately know customers and what they consider as an option to your products outside your category or industry. This concept is also widely expressed in the Blue Ocean strategy book which is very much open minded. I have been very inspired by this book, which has given me lots to think in regards to my intention of developing my own business. In conclusion, my attention was driven by the last concept of the articles about creating a participative culture within the firm. I agree with the fact that fostering an environment where all managers engage in an open dialogue with one another as well as other stakeholders certainly enhances value creation.

Tragic Heros Essays - Fiction, Film, Literature, Cleopatra

Tragic Heros Romeo and Juliet Essay: Tragic Heroes Romeo is a tragic hero because he fought and did everything he did to be with Juliet but it still didn't work out and he ended up killing himself to be with Juliet, then finding she wasn't dead just as he had drunken the poison. Then Juliet saw her dead Romeo and killed herself with a dagger. The movie ?End of Days? has something like this. The main character fights Satan because he came to earth to take it over. At the end of the movie the demon possesses him and he must throw himself onto a statue holding a sword killing himself but saving the world, This is another example of a Tragic Hero. The movie Gladiator's main hero, Maximus Aries is also a tragic hero. It's about a Roman army general who's empire turned on him and imprisoned him after Caesar made him the heir to Rome. Caesar didn't choose his own son because he was corrupt, when he told his son this his son suffocated Caesar before he annoced to Rome who the heir of Caesars empire was, and of course everyone would think it was his son, but it was actually Maximus. Caesar's son told some troops to take Maximus and kill him in the forest but he escaped. They then had his wife and child crucified. He then gets sold as a slave, to an entertainer who makes Gladiators. Maximus then rises up and becomes undefeated and in the end and takes on Caesars son in a gladiator match. Caesar's son wounded Maximus before the match but Maximus still managed to come through and kill him. He told everyone Caesars last dying wishes and his own to take Rome and make it republic once again then Maximus fell to the ground and died. These 2 examples are like Romeo because they died or did something heroic and the outcome for them was bad and tragic. Tragic heroes usually die or have something bad happen to them at the end of the story, but they die for a good cause making it tragic that they died but they may have saved the world, or be reunited with there loved ones. Shakespeare

In the Pursuit of Liberty and Happiness How the Life of Mohammad Yunus Continue to Impact the World

By any standards, the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States can be termed as two of the most fundamental and enduring documents in the Nation’s history due to the very fact that the ideals enshrined in the documents continue to influence generations of Americans in major ways, especially in terms of rule of law, self governance and the protection of individual rights (U.S. Citizenship Immigration Services, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on In the Pursuit of Liberty and Happiness: How the Life of Mohammad Yunus Continue to Impact the World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Declaration of Independence, in particular, set forth the basic tenets that could be used to ensure a just and fair government. Although over two millennia have now passed since the documents were instituted, many Americans continue to hold these principles close to their hearts, with particular em phasis been placed on the three unalienable rights enshrined in the Declaration of Independence, and which are bestowed on us by our Creator (ARD, 2010). The document highlighted three most basic rights, namely, â€Å"the rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness† (ARD, 2010, para. 1). This paper purposes to assess how these unalienable rights have shaped the life of Muhammad Yunus, the founder of Grameen Bank, winner of the 2006 Nobel Peace Price, and also the winner of the 2009 Presidential Medal of Freedom Award. Born in 1940 in what was then known as Eastern Bengal, Yunus got himself a good education to become an economist at Chittagong University. During one of his field visits in 1974, in the company of his students, he â€Å"†¦interviewed a woman who made bamboo stools, and learnt that she had to borrow the equivalent of 15p to buy raw bamboo for each stool made† (Grameen Bank, 2010a, para. 2). The woman, after repaying her loan to the shylocks a t rates exceeding 10%, was left with minimal profits that could neither meet her most basic rights neither sustain her business. An idea struck Yunus that if the woman was allowed the capacity to borrow loans at more advantageous rates than what was being offered by the brokers, and without collateral, she could be able to accumulate an economic cushion that will not only raise her living standards above subsistence level, but also sustain and expand her business. The idea led to the establishment in 1983 of what is today known as the Grameen Bank or simply the ‘village bank.† According to industry figures, the bank operates 2,564 branches in Bangladesh, and employs in excess of 19,000 employees serving an estimated 8.29 million borrowers spread across 81, 367 villages (Grameen Bank, 2010b). Although the bank does not require collateral, its loan recovery rate stands at 97%, necessitating other countries to develop projects that revolve around the banks model to alleviat e poverty among populations.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although the idea to start the micro-finance institution may seem more economically oriented, there exist heavy political undertones in the founder’s desire to see a just society where every body is endowed with the capacity to lead a happy life. Indeed, Yunus have embraced a model that offers interventions to communities by creating economic and social progression from below. According to the founder, lasting peace in the world will forever remain elusive unless large population groups are given the means to break out of the cocoons of poverty (Grameen Bank, 2010b). The right to liberty is synonymous to freedom, which in political perspective implies that all individuals should be free from state coercion (ARD, 2010). Yunus, however, is of the opinion that poor people can never enjoy freedom even in the absence of stat e coercion due to the fact that poverty not only shackles the individual’s free will, but it also leads to stagnation of the dreams that are held so dear by people relating to leading a happy life such as getting a good education, which would guarantee a good job, thus financial stability (Yunus, 2007). This philosophy is derived from the fact that â€Å"†¦economic growth and political democracy can not achieve their full potential unless the female half of humanity participates on an equal footing with the male† (Grameen Bank, 2010b, para. 3). This philosophy necessitated Yunus to develop the micro-credit concept through his Grameen Bank to assist millions of poor people out of poverty, therefore guaranteeing their financial and social freedom. It is a well known fact that people who are financially and materially endowed are more likely to participate in the running of government affairs, including demanding for their rights from the state (Yunus, 2007). It is a lso the philosophy of Yunus that development from below through such means as availing micro-credit to the poor to uplift their living standards and achieve self-sustenance inarguably advances democracy and respect for human rights, including the right to life. According to ARC (2010), life is largely a process of self-sustenance, and the right to life implies the right for individuals to engage in self-sustaining activities. Yunus has worked extremely hard in his life time to ensure that millions of people around the world get the right to involve themselves in self-sustaining activities through offering micro-credit that is not tied to any collateral as is the case in other financial institutions. Indeed, it is Yunus’ belief that every single person in this world has both the capability and the right to lead a happy life.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on In the Pursuit of Liberty and Happiness: How the Life of Mohammad Yunus Continue to Impact the Worl d specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The contributions that Yunus has made to millions of people in his lifetime will certainly continue to positively impact people for generations to come. It is imperative to note that 97% of the 8.29 million customers of Grameen Bank comprise of women who could not afford to give their children a descent education before the revolutionary thoughts of Yunus came into the fore. Today, however, these women are not only leading better lives, but their children and other generations to come will greatly benefit from the education that they have attained through this intervention (Yunus, 2007). A prosperous nation is laid on the frameworks of enlightenment and respect for life. Yunus continues to work hard to ensure that these virtues are entrenched not only in Bangladesh, but also across the world. Future generations will benefit immensely due to the stability and foresight that has been created by people like Professor Yunus. The economist’s long-term mission of eradicating poverty in the world (Grameen Bank, 2010b), will go a long way in ensuring future generations live a life that is just, free and fair. Reference List Ayn Rand Center. (2010). Principles of a free society: Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Web. Grameen Bank (2010a). Biography of Dr. Mohammad Yunus. Web. Grameen Bank. (2010b). Prof. Muhammad Yunus Grameen Bank Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 2006. Web. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. (2008). The Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Yunus, M. (2007). Banker to the People: Micro-Lending and the Battle against World Poverty. New York, NY: PublicAffairs Books. This essay on In the Pursuit of Liberty and Happiness: How the Life of Mohammad Yunus Continue to Impact the World was written and submitted by user Gracelynn Decker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Personal Identity, piece of diary

Personal Identity, piece of diary Dear DiaryToday in class we had a brief discussion of what personal identity is. I didn't get a chance to speak out my thoughts and opinions so I felt like to share it with you.Personal identity is what I see myself as, positively or negatively.It could be argued but most people think they are at what called the 'Good' side even though he is a brutal killer. Word from a retired warden. Over 80% of the prisoners ready to be executed still believes they are innocent.The way one sees things and their judgement is varied by ones own personal identity. This is the combination, result of many factors. Like the majority of our physical appearances is already destined since the moment of our conception, of course, there are also other factors such as nutrition and environment.Everyone's personal identity should be changing everyday, every moment by the building up of their intelligence and experiences.THE IdentityIn the earlier stage, our personal identity is solely from our parents. This in cludes: heredity, culture background and the environment. As you grow older, fewer influences will come from your parents but more from your friends, peers and teacher. Due to the fact most people want a place to belong to (not necessary be a location), and want to have friends, we'll sometimes alter our decision and benefits to just fit into a group.When getting into the middle age, the biggest influences will probably come from your work, religion and friends still. As you can see friend plays a very big part in everyone's life.Personal identity plays a major part in my quest for self-knowledge, but its up to me to choose my own identity.God created all men equally, but it is up to us to determine whom we...

The book of Amos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The book of Amos - Essay Example So, through Amos, he gives his message of impending judgment to the people of Israel. Amos is the agent in this particular scene, as he will be the on caring out his duties to God to inform the people of the judgment that they will suffer as a result of their wrongdoings. Amos was a humble man who always seeks to do the will of God. What's more, he is also reasonable and forgiving. Despite his people doing so much wrong, he begged God not to be too harsh. For instance, in the first three versus of chapter 7, Amos had seen a vision of locusts devouring everything in sight. Amos begged God not to be so harsh and go through with this plan, and God relented. In versus 4 through 6, go showed Amos another vision of another plan that he wished to execute. This plan involved consuming the entire nation with fire. Amos, having the heart that he did again begged god not to go through with these actions and god relented another time. Finally, God decided on what he'd do, and Amos bravely preached the message to all of Israel. Amos was a brae man because, even in the face of opp osition, he did not back down r waver in doing the will of God. He stood strong, despite the horrible things the priest and the people said concerning him.

Japanese Mourning Ritual Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Japanese Mourning Ritual - Essay Example Most cultures have a method of attempting to help that spirit get to the right place. This paper will discuss the rural Japanese and their method of dealing with the death of a loved one. Many of the parts of the Japanese ritual were familiar and some of them were unusual. After the body is cremated, family members remove bones from the body and place them in a jar which is then placed in the burial place for the family. This seems odd in the sense that if cremation is the answer to their burial problems, why then do they place bones in a crypt. The article does not really say why the family does this only that they do not physically touch the bones because of the contamination from death (Irish, 2000). Then the bones that are not chosen are dumped out back as if they were not important at all. This part of their ritual does not match anything that we do in our culture so it is hard to discern why it would be done. It does appear that all Japanese or at least the majority are concern ed with somehow being contaminated with death. They handle the body after cremation with chip sticks, being careful not to touch any part of it and the wearing of particular garments to ward off death as if it was something to catch. It also appears that cremation is accepted by all of the different Japanese societies. There is also quite a bit of superstition that seems to be general throughout the culture as far as cats. They believe that the body will rise up if cats approach it. This might keep the spirit in this world and they are afraid of spirits so cats are kept away. Though there are great differences which are mentioned, there are also great similarities to the rituals that we practice in our mourning ceremonies. The Japanese place the body in a casket and allow time for family to mill around and sit with the body, they cleanse the body ahead of time and dress it in a white Kimono under which is a favorite piece of clothing. In our traditions, the body is cleaned and after embalming, if the body is to be buried, the favorite clothing of a person is usually placed on the body. Friends and family provided food for the relatives and friends that have shown up to pay their respects which is also very familiar in what we do here. The family is usually presented with dishes from other family and friends to serve to the people who come and for dinners in the home for a few days so the family does not have to cook. The mourners wear black and on the average the male mourners are in one room and the female in another rule. It happens that way here too. I think it is really a utilitarian issue here and I would imagine that it is there too (Searle, 2003) Our women do most of the cooking and serving and so they kind of stay together for that reason while the men are usually more comfortable with each other and generally sit together in the same room. There are a couple of other interesting things that bear mentioning. One of those is the fact that neighborhood groups are responsible for weddings and funerals so the cost of these things is really shared among many. This seems to be a great idea. It does not say what originally caused such a tradition but it would seem that this might be something that many other cultures might want to look at. The other is the "to pull a friend" ritual. In order to prevent the deceased from taking a friend with them, they place a doll or other comfort in the coffin with them. This is somewhat like us. Many families like to place a comforting object in the coffin with the body. Sometimes that is a treasured teddy bear and sometimes something else but always an object that was special that they can

Do conflicts management styles Affect group decision making Annotated Bibliography

Do conflicts management styles Affect group decision making - Annotated Bibliography Example Conflict management style has been studied in this article while looking at three approaches; integrative, avoidance, distributive; focusing on conflict management rather than resolution because there is no ideal solution to a conflict, but the ability of the conflicting parties to work through their issues. (Tim Kuhn, 2000) Group conflict management is an all inclusive process as it does not stifle the group members’ diverse perspectives, allowing for a range of alternatives that are possible outcomes of the process. These possible outcomes are looked into while assessing the quality of decisions with an emphasis on the performance and subjective outcomes of the decision making process. A decision’s functional theory is guided by group interaction leading to critical thinking thereby directly shaping the final choice of the group. (Tim Kuhn, 2000) The article while analyzing the integrative, avoidance and distributive approaches, favors the integrative approach hypothesizing that the group using the integrative approach will have the highest level of effectiveness in their decision making process as opposed to the other two because it encapsulates several perspectives therefore fostering positive, subjective and objective outcomes. (Tim Kuhn, 2000) The article examines task complexity vis a vis decision making capabilities while using a study method that incorporates both qualitative and quantitative procedures. The study design employs direct observation of established groups over a period of time. The study uses data from videotaped meetings of the group because of the sheer size and extent of the study. Out of the 47 episodes of data collected, 45 were on video tape and 2 on audio tape. The subjects seem self conscious at first owing to the presence of the video cameras but warm up to the idea of having them around and consequently relaxed. (Tim Kuhn, 2000) Group conflict management style was identified by observing how

The Culture Of Vietnam English Language Essay

The Culture Of Vietnam English Language Essay The Culture of Vietnam which is the agricultural civilization based on the wet rice cultivating is one of the oldest of such in the Asia Pacific region. In terms of prehistory, most Vietnamese historians consider the ancient Dong Son culture to be one of the defining aspects of early Vietnamese civilization. There are some other characteristics that comprise Vietnamese culture: betel- areca nut chewing, teeth darkening, bamboo, respect for community and family value, hardworking and devotion to study. Long periods of domination and interaction with its northern neighbor, China, has resulted in Vietnams historic inclusion as part of the East Asian Cultural Sphere, known widely as Chinese Cultural Sphere with the accepting Confucianism as the philosophy of Mandarin class. However, the major stimulation of Vietnamese cultures development comes from indigenous factors. That is, Vietnamese culture with village culture as its representation is foundation that belongs to Austro-Asiatic culture and Chinese influence and Indian have just only been enrichment. Following independence from China in the 10th century AD, Vietnam began a southward expansion that saw the annexation of territories formerly belonging to the Chapman civilization (now Central Vietnam) and parts of the Khmer empire (today southern Vietnam) which resulted in minor regional variances in Vietnams culture due to exposure to these different groups. During French colonial period, Vietnamese culture received merchant influences from the Europeans, including the spread of Catholicism and the adoption of Latin alphabet-to this day, Vietnam is the only non-island nation of Indochina which uses the Latin alphabet to write the national language. In the socialist era, the cultural life of Vietnam has been deeply influenced by government-controlled media and the cultural influences of socialist programs. For many decades, foreign cultural influences were shunned and emphasis placed on appreciating and sharing the culture of communist nations such as the Soviet Union, China, Cuba and others. Since the 1990s, Vietnam has seen a greater re-exposure to Asian, European and American culture and media. Pod dwellers accounted for 29.6% of the population, their numbers rising 3.4% a year on average, while the head count of rural folks edged up by only 0.4% a year. About 70.4% of Vietnamese citizens currently live in bad areas, and although many are being influenced by the process of a growing economy, rural tradition and customs still play a vital role in shaping the stomping culture. Vietnamese give much to protecting their money, such that traveling to Vietnam means going to an older world for all Asian tourists In terms of societal levels of organization, the two most important units are là  ng (village) and nu?c (country). Vietnamese people usually say that là  ng goes hand in hand with nu?c. Intermediate organizational units like the huy?n (district) and t?nh (province) are not as important. The culture is like a vast ocean of people In rural Vietnam, kinship plays an important role. If it can be said that Western cultures value individualism, then it can also be said that Eastern cultures value the roles of family and clan. Comparing with Eastern cultures, Chinese culture values family over clan while Vietnamese culture values clan over family. Each clan has a patriarch, clan altar, and death commemorations attended by the whole clan. Most inhabitants are related by blood. That fact is still seen in village names such as à ?ng Xà ¡ (place for the à ?ng clan), Chà ¢u Xà ¡, Là ª Xà ¡, and so on so forth. In the Western highlands the tradition of many families in a clan residing in a longhouse is still popular. In the majority of rural Vietnam today one can still see three or four generations living under one roof. Because kinship has an important role in society, there is a complex hierarchy of relationships. In Vietnamese society, there are nine distinct generations. Virtually all commemorations and celebrations within a clan follow the principles of these nine generations. Younger persons might have a higher position in the family hierarchy than an older person and still must be respected as an elder. This complex system of relationships, a result of both Confucianism and societal norms is conveyed particularly through the extensive use of varying pronouns in Vietnamese language, which has an extensive array of honorifics to signify the status of the speaker in regards to the person they are speaking to. In the past, both men and women were expected to be married at quite young ages (by todays standards). Marriages were generally arranged by the parents and extended family, with the children having limited right to say no in the matter. In modern Vietnam, this has changed completely as people choose their own marriage-partners based on love, and in consideration primarily to their own needs and wants. The traditional Vietnamese wedding is one of the most important of traditional Vietnamese occasions. Regardless of Westernization, many of the age-old customs practiced in a traditional Vietnamese wedding continue to be celebrated by both Vietnamese in Vietnam and overseas, often combining both Western and Eastern elements. Depending on habits of specific ethnic groups, marriage includes various steps and related procedures, but generally there are two main ceremonies: Le an hoi (betrothal ceremony): Some time before the wedding, the groom and his family visit the bride and her family with round lacquered boxes known as betrothal presents composed of gifts of areca nuts and betel leaves, tea, cake, fruits, wines and other delicacies covered with red cloth and carried by unmarried girls or boys. Both families agree to pick a good day for wedding. Wedding ceremony: Guests would be invited to come to join a party and celebrate the couples happiness. The couple should pray before the altar asking their ancestors for permission for their marriage, then to express their gratitude to both grooms and brides parents for raising and protecting them. Guests will share their joy at a party later Formerly funeral ceremonies went as following: the body was washed and dressed; chopstick was laid between the teeth and a pinch of rice and three coins were dropped in the mouth. Then the body was put on a grass mat laid on the ground according to the saying being born from the earth, one must return back to the earth. The dead body was enveloped with white cloth, and put into the coffin. Finally, the funeral ceremony was officially performed. The deceased persons sons, daughters, and daughters-in-law had to wear coarse gauze turbans and tunics, and hats made of straw or of dry banana fiber. The deceased persons grandchildren and relatives also had to wear mourning turbans. During the days when the dead were still laid out at home, the mourning went on with worshipping meals and mourning music. Relatives, neighbors, and friends came to offer their condolences. The date and time for the funeral processio, must be carefully selected. Relatives, friends, and descendants take part in the funeral procession to accompany the dead along the way to the burial ground. Votive papers were dropped along the way. At the grave site, the coffin is buried and covered. After three days of mourning, the family visits the tomb again, or worship the opening the grave; after 49 days, the family stops bringing rice for the dead to the altar. And finally, after 100 days, the family celebrates the end of the tears. After one year is the ceremony of the first anniversary of the relatives death and after two years is the ceremony of the end of mourning. Nowadays, mourning ceremonies follow new rituals which are simplified; they consist of covering and putting the dead body into the coffin, the funeral procession, the burial of the coffin into the grave, and the visits to the tomb. The deceased persons family members wear a white turban or a black mourning band Religion in Vietnam has historically been largely defined by the East Asian mix of Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism, the so-called Tam Già ¡o, or triple religion, but today it has become more diverse including other religions such as cat holism, etc. Vietnamese Buddhism has typically been the most popular. The country also has a strong cultural norm of ancestor worship as well as animism. This fits perfectly with the triple religion, making it difficult for many Vietnamese to express exactly which religion they practice.[1] Of the three, Vietnamese Buddhism has always been the most popular with commoners Buddhism came to Vietnam as early as the second century CE through the North from central Asia and via Southern routes from India. Buddhism in Vietnam as practiced by the ethnic Vietnamese is mainly of the Mahayana school, although some ethnic minorities (such as the Khmer Krum) adhere to the Theravada school. Buddhism in Vietnam has had a symbiotic relationship with Taoism, Chinese spirituality, and the indigenous Vietnamese religion. The majority of Buddhist practitioners focus on devotional rituals rather than meditation. Buddhism is not practiced the same as in other Asian countries and does not contain the institutional structures, hierarchy, or sang has that exist in other traditional Buddhist settings. Due to this observation the estimate that 80% of the Vietnamese population is Buddhist is questionable, but does however show that many Vietnamese define their spiritual needs using a Buddhist worldview Besides the triple religion, Vietnamese life was also profoundly influenced by the practice of ancestor worship as well as native animism. Most Vietnamese people, regardless of religious denomination, practice ancestor worship and have an ancestor altar at their home or business, a testament to the emphasis Vietnamese culture places on filial duty. Along with obligations to clan and family, education has always played a vital role in Vietnamese culture. In the old days, scholars were placed at the top of society. Men not born of noble blood could only wish to elevate their status by means of studying for a rigorous Imperial examination which could potentially open doors to a position in the government, granting them power and prestige as Mandarin officials Vietnamese cuisine is extremely diverse, often divided into three main categories, each pertaining to Vietnams three main regions (north, central and south). It uses very little oil and many vegetables, and is mainly based on rice, soy sauce, and fish sauce. Its characteristic flavors are sweet (sugar), spicy (Serrano peppers), sour (lime), fish sauce, and flavored by a variety of mint and basil. Vietnam also has a large variety of noodles and noodle soups. Different regions invented different types of noodles, varying in shapes, tastes, colors, etc. One of the nations most famous type of noodles is pronounced fuh, a type of noodle soup originating in North Vietnam, which consists of rice noodles and beef soup (sometimes chicken soup) with several other ingredients such as bean sprouts and scallions (spring onions). It is often eaten for breakfast, but also makes a satisfying lunch or light dinner. The boiling stock, fragrant with spices and sauces, is poured over the noodles and vegetables, poaching the paper-thin slices of raw beef just before serving. Ph? is meant to be savored, incorporating several different flavors: the sweet flavor of beef, sour lemons, salty fish sauce, and fresh vegetables. In feudal Vietnam, clothing was one of the most important marks of social status and strict dress codes were enforced. Commoners had a limited choice of similarly plain and simple clothes for every day use, as well as being limited in the colors they were allowed to use. For a period, commoners were not allowed to wear clothes with dyes other than black, brown or white (with the exception of special occasions such as festivals), but in actuality these rules could change often based upon the whims of the current ruler. The à o t? thà ¢n or four-part dress is one such example of an ancient dress widely worn by commoner women, along with the à o y?m bodice which accompanied it. Peasants across the country also gradually came to wear silk pajama-like costumes, known as à o cà ¡nh in the north and à o bà   ba in the south. Monarchs had the exclusive right to wear the color gold, while nobles wore red or purple. Each member of the royal court had an assortment of different formal gowns they would wear at a particular ceremony, or for a particular occasion. The rules governing the fashion of the royal court could change dynasty by dynasty, thus Costumes of the Vietnamese court were quite diverse. The most popular and widely-recognized Vietnamese national costume is the à o Dà  i, which is worn nowadays mostly by women, although men do wear à o dà  i on special occasions such as weddings and funerals. à o dà  i is derived from the Chinese Xiao, although it consists of a long gown with a slit on both sides, worn over cotton or silk trousers. It is elegant in style and comfortable to wear, and likely derived in the 18th century or in the royal court of Hu?. White à o dà  i is the required uniform for girls in many high schools across Vietnam. Some female office workers (e.g. receptionists, secretaries, tour guides) are also required to wear à o dà  i. à o dà  i was once worn by both genders but today it is worn mainly by females, except for certain important traditional culture-related occasions where some men do wear it. In daily life, the traditional Vietnamese styles are now replaced by Western styles. Traditional clothing is worn instead on special occasions, with the exception of the white à o dà  i commonly seen with high school girls in Vietnam Traditional Vietnamese art is art practiced in Vietnam or by Vietnamese artists, from ancient times (including the elaborate Dong Son drums) to post-Chinese domination art which was strongly influenced by Chinese Buddhist art, among other philosophies such as Taoism and Confucianism. The art of Champ and France also played a smaller role later on. The Chinese influence on Vietnamese art extends into Vietnamese pottery and ceramics, calligraphy, and traditional architecture. Currently, Vietnamese lacquer paintings have proven to be quite popular Calligraphy has had a long history in Vietnam, previously using Chinese characters along with Ch? Nà ´m. However, most modern Vietnamese calligraphy instead uses the Roman-character based Qu?c Ng?, which has proven to be very popular. In the past, with literacy in the old character-based writing systems of Vietnam being restricted to scholars and elites, calligraphy nevertheless still played an important part in Vietnamese life. On special occasions such as the Lunar New Year, people would go to the village teacher or scholar to make them a calligraphy hanging (often poetry, folk sayings or even single words). People who could not read or write also often commissioned scholars to write prayers which they would burn at temple shrines. Vietnamese music varies slightly in the three regions: B?c or North, Trung or Central, and Nam or South. Northern classical music is Vietnams oldest and is traditionally more formal. Vietnamese classical music can be traced to the Mongol invasions, when the Vietnamese captured a Chinese opera troupe. Central classical music shows the influences of Champa culture with its melancholic melodies. Southern music exudes a lively laissez-faire attitude. Vietnam has got some 50 national music instruments, in which the set of percussion instruments is the most popular, diverse and long-lasting such as copper drums, gongs, lithopone, Dan to rung The set of blowing instruments is represented by flutes and pan-pipes, while the set of string instruments is specified. The Vietnamese folksongs are rich in forms and melodies of regions across the country, ranging from reciting poems, lullaby, chantey In the 20th century, in contact with the Western culture, especially after the national independence, many new categories of arts like plays, photography, cinemas, and modern art had taken shape and developed strongly, obtaining huge achievements with the contents reflecting the social and revolutionary realities. Up to 1997, there have been 44 people operating in cultural and artistic fields honored with the Ho Chi Minh Award, 130 others conferred with Peoples Artist Honor, and 1011 people awarded with the Excellent Artist Honor. At the start of 1997, there were 191 professional artistic organizations and 26 film studios (including central and local ones). There have been 28 movies, 49 scientific and documentary films receiving international motion picture awards in many countries Hà ¡t tu?ng (also known as Hà ¡t b?i): A theatre form strongly influenced by Chinese opera, it transitioned from being entertainment for the royal court to travelling troupes who performed for commoners and peasants, featuring many well-known stock characters. C?i luong: A kind of modern folk opera originating in South Vietnam, which utilizes extensive vibrato techniques. It remains very popular in modern Vietnam when compared to other folk styles. Hà ¡t chà ¨o: The most mainstream of theatre/music forms in the past, enjoyed widely by the public rather than the more obscure Ca trà ¹ which was favored more by scholars and elites. Water puppetry Water Puppet Theatre in Hanoi: Water is a distinct Vietnamese art which had its origins in the 10th century. In Water Puppetry a split-bamboo screen obscures puppets which stand in water, and are manipulated using long poles hidden beneath the water. Epic story lines are played out with many different puppets, often using traditional scenes of Vietnamese life. The puppets are made from quality wood, such as the South East Asian Jackfruit tree. Each puppet is carefully carved, and then painted with numerous successive layers of paint to protect the puppets. Despite nearly dying out in the 20th century, Water Puppetry has been recognized by the Vietnamese Government as an important part of Vietnams cultural heritage. Today, puppetry is commonly performed by professional puppeteers, who typically are taught by their elders in rural areas of Vietnam. It is now extremely popular with tourists, and is performed at the National Museum in Ho Chi Minh city and in specialist theatres. In 2007 a Water Puppet troupe toured the USA to acclaim Vietnam has 54 different ethnics, each with their own traditional dance. Among the ethnic Vietnamese majority, there are several traditional dances performed widely at festivals and other special occasions, such as the lion dance. In the imperial court there also developed throughout the centuries a series of complex court dances which require great skill. Some of the more widely known are the imperial lantern dance, fan dance, and platter dance, among others Vietnamese martial art is highly developed from the countrys long history of warfare and attempts to defend itself from foreign occupation. Although most heavily influenced by Chinese martial arts, it has developed its own characteristics throughout the millennia in combination with other influences from its neighbors. Vietnamese martial art is deeply spiritual due to the influence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and is strongly reliant on the Viet Vo Dao (philosophy of Vietnamese martial arts). It is probably most famous for its scissor kicks. The general Vietnamese term for martial arts is Và µ-Thu?t, which encompasses all of the countless styles. Some of the more popular include: Vovinam Và µ Bà ¬nh à ?nh Quan Khi Dao Vietnamese martial art remains relatively unknown in the world today when compared to its counterparts from China, Japan, Korea or Thailand. However, this is seeing a definite change as schools teaching various styles of Vietnamese martial arts are starting to pop up all over the world, notably in countries such as Spain Vietnamese martial art is highly developed from the countrys long history of warfare and attempts to defend itself from foreign occupation. Although most heavily influenced by Chinese martial arts, it has developed its own characteristics throughout the millennia in combination with other influences from its neighbors. Vietnamese martial art is deeply spiritual due to the influence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and is strongly reliant on the Viet Vo Dao (philosophy of Vietnamese martial arts). It is probably most famous for its scissor kicks. Literature Vietnamese literature includes two major components which have developed simultaneously and are profoundly interrelated: Folk literature and written literature. Vietnamese folk literature came into being very early and had a profound effect on the spiritual life of the Viet. The folk literature always praised beauty, humanism, and the love of goodness, and contributed to the formation of a national sense. Legends, fairy tales, humorous stories, folk songs, epics and so on, have a tremendous vitality and have lived on until today. Written literature was born roughly in the 10th century. Up to the 20th century, there had been two components existing at the same time: works written in the Han characters (with poems and prose demonstrating the Vietnamese soul and realities; thus, they were still regarded as Vietnamese literature) and works written in the Nom character (mostly poems; many great works were handed down to the later generations). Since the 1920s , written literature has been mainly composed in the National language with profound renovations in form and category such as novels, new-style poems, short stories and dramas, and with diversity in artistic tendency. Written literature attained speedy development after the August Revolution, when it was directed by the Vietnamese Communist Partys guideline and focused on the peoples fighting and work life. Modern Vietnamese literature has developed from romanticism to realism, from heroism in wartime to all aspects of life, and soared into ordinary life to discover the genuine values of the Vietnamese people. Classical literature generated such masterpieces as Truyen Kieu (Nguyen Du), Cung oan ngam khuc (Nguyen Gia Thieu), Chinh phu ngam (Dang Tran Con), and Quoc am thi tap (Nguyen Trai). The Vietnamese had brilliant female poets such as: Ho Xuan Huong, Doan Thi Diem, and Ba Huyen Thanh Quan, centuries ago. In Vietnamese modern prose, there were authors who could emulate whomever in the world, namely, Nguyen Cong Hoan, Vu Trong Phung, Ngo Tat To, Nguyen Hong, Nguyen Tuan, and Nam Cao. They were joined by excellent poets: Xuan Dieu, Huy Can, Han Mac Tu, and Nguyen Binh. Regrettably, their great works that faithfully reflected the country and the times have yet to appear Vietnam has a number of UNESCO-listed World Heritage Sites, as well as cultural relics deemed as Intangible heritage. These are split into specific categories: Cultural heritage sites Hoi An: An ancient city and trading center. Imperial city of Hu?: Complex of monuments in the former imperial capital. My Son: Ancient temple complex of the former Champa civilization in Quang Nam province. Natural heritage sites Phong Nha cave, Quang Binh province. Ha Long Bay Intangible Cultural Heritage Nhà £ nh?c: A form of Vietnamese court music. Space of Gong culture in the Central Highlands of Vietnam Ca trà ¹ Quan h? There are a number of other potential world heritage sites, as well as intangible cultural heritages which Vietnam has completed documents on for UNESCOs recognition in the future. Vietnam celebrates many holidays, including traditional holidays which have been celebrated in Vietnam for thousands of years, along with modern holidays imported predominantly from western countries. Among the traditional holidays, the two most important and widely celebrated are the New Year although the latter has been losing ground in recent years With the adoption of your child from Vietnam comes a whole new Vietnamese culture that you will want to share with your family. Our articles introduce you to Vietnam and to the Vietnamese culture, including Vietnamese holidays, Vietnamese cooking, Vietnamese names, Vietnamese culture camps, craft projects, humanitarian aid projects, and more Vietnamese culture, including holidays and celebrations, Vietnamese names, Vietnamese food and recipes, Vietnamese language and more

Violence and Politics :: Political Government Essays

Violence and Politics Let's talk about absolutely ridiculous pronouncements people make that either ignore simple fact or border on insanity. How about this one: Violence is no way to settle anything! Evidence suggests that violence is a very effective way of settling things. How about a few examples? In 1776, violence settled whether the thirteen colonies would be independent or remain under King George's thumb. In 1865, violence settled whether there'd be a Confederacy and a Union or just a Union. Between 1941 and 1945, violence settled whether Japan would control the Far East and whether Germany would control Europe. Violence settled whether American Indians owned and controlled the land now call United States or whether it would be European settlers and their progeny. In fact, violence has settled the question of land use-rights virtually everywhere. Violence and the threat of violence not only settles questions of land use; it settles other matters as well. For example, I have no problem with paying for the constitutionally mandated functions of the Federal Government - those enumerated in the U.S. Constitution. But I disagree with my earnings being given to dependent farmers, failing banks and poor people. Who has use-rights to my earnings is settled through threats, intimidation and violence. The U.S. Congress in essence tells me, "Williams, if you do not permit us to give your earnings to dependent farmers, banks, poor people, and any one else we deem worthy of your earnings, we will use violence to take your earnings and anything else you possess. Some readers might think that I am being overly hyperbolic. What do you think would be the outcome of the following scenario? I write on my IRS 1040 form: "I gladly accept my responsibility to pay my share of constitutionally mandated functions of the federal government. That share comes to about one-third of what you say I owe. I will not pay for activities not authorized by the Constitution." What happens. The IRS, the agents of the U.S. Congress, levies a fine and demands that I pay all they say I owe. I refuse. Then the IRS says, "We're going to confiscate your house." I say, "No you won't; that's my house." Then they send agents with automatic weapons to take my house. I stand and defend my house. The agents of the U.S. Congress kill me. The truth of the matter is that violence is such an effective and valuable means of settling differences that most governments demand to have a monopoly on its use.

Gender Differences Essay

In the excerpt from the book, Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus, author John Gray discusses the stark differences between men and women. He states that the personality traits between men and women are so dissimilar, that each sex might as well have originated from the planets, Mars and Venus, respectively. He explains that men value power and achievement, and they choose certain occupations and offer others solutions to their problems based on these values. Comparatively, women believe communication and relationships are more important, and they desire empathy when they interact with others. He details that these different character traits often cause confusion and communication barriers between men and women. Gray’s excerpt explains his unique definition of male and female personalities; however, it is a broad assumption to say that all men and women behave in a certain way solely based on their gender. The stereotypes that Gray specifically utilizes in his excerpt oversimplify the complex interactions between men and women instead of showing their differing emotional responses based on particular situations. The two emotional responses that Gray does not compare are stress and anger. The male and female reactions to these emotions offer the best example of the differences between the sexes. More often than not, men and women respond to stress in different ways. Women tend to externalize their feelings when they deal with stressful situations. They often confide in their significant other, friends, and family as an outlet for the stress in their life. Typically, once a woman has effectively deliberated and discussed her feelings and issues regarding stress, she often feels better about the stressful situation. In her book, You Just Don’t Understand, expert Deborah Tannen similarly explains that women use complaining as a way to feel close to others. She calls this way of conversing â€Å"troubles talk. † She says, â€Å"For women, talking about troubles is the essence of connection. I tell you my troubles, you tell me your troubles, and we’re close. † (61). A perfect example of this can be seen with my interactions with my close friend, Lindsey. She will frequently need to call me and vent about her relationship woes. She uses our conversations to help talk through her stressful situations and will ultimately feel better following our calls. I will tend to use conversations with my mother or sister to vent about my stress, as well. Conversely, men often internalize their emotional responses to stress. Men tend to reserve their emotions internally and use various non-stressful activities as distractions to occupy themselves, such as watching sports or playing video games. A prime example of the male response to stress can be seen when my boyfriend is stressed from work. When he comes home after a stressful day, he will play video games for hours to help relieve his stress. After playing these games, he will feel much better. When I recognize that he is stressed, I usually ask him if he would like to discuss his situations; he usually responds by saying that he is fine and he just needs some time alone. I have also noticed a similar response to stress in other men such as my coworkers, fellow students, and my brothers and father. This unique male response to stress demonstrates the difference from the female stress response. Another emotional situation in which men and women have a tendency to respond differently is anger. Although each person reacts to anger in their own way, men and women will generally react to anger in a different manner. Women, including myself, will often react to anger by isolating themselves from the initial anger trigger and think through their emotional response prior to any actions. Simply put, think first, and act later. For example, my mother’s response to anger follows the aforementioned format. Her initial response involves removing herself from the anger stimulus where she can better collect herself. After assessing the situation which generated my mother’s anger response, she will respond in a more conservative and appropriate manner. Conversely, men have a propensity to react to anger in a much different way. When in an emotional situation that causes anger, men are more inclined to violence and can be quick to react by demonstrating their anger in a more physical manner. They often act this way because they are trying to prove they are â€Å"manly† or â€Å"powerful†. Gray explains that, â€Å"[men] are always doing things to prove themselves and to develop their power and skills† (695). A great example of this common male response can be seen with my brother, Sam. When angered, Sam tends to react like most males when experiencing anger. His initial reaction to anger typically is demonstrated by a violent motion by hitting an object. This is usually followed by a more thoughtful and collected response after the initial outburst. These reactions to anger demonstrate the differing emotional responses between men and women which can be seen throughout society on a frequent basis. Despite the differing reactions to stress and anger mentioned above, men and women can also respond in a similar manner. Since no two individuals are the same, it is important to understand that the aforementioned examples are not the only reactions that men and women can portray. Stress and anger are natural human emotions that are experienced almost daily. It is also important to understand that human emotions and communication are much more complex than the examples that Gray provides. This complexity is due to unique personalities and differing interactive situations. No two responses even with the same individual will ever be the same. However, understanding the different ways men and women may communicate and react to certain emotions will provide a better understanding of the opposite sex. This understanding will help bridge the communication gap between men and women and improve our knowledge of the complexities of human emotion.

Stealing, Education for Leisure and Originally Essays

Stealing, Education for Leisure and Originally Essays Stealing, Education for Leisure and Originally Paper Stealing, Education for Leisure and Originally Paper Essay Topic: Education Literature This essay analyses and evaluates the underlying theme of alienation in these three poems. It compares and contrasts the ways in which the different poems present alienation to the reader and how effectively this has been portrayed. Alienation is when a person is socially withdrawn or isolated from others, causing aggression or loss of friendliness. Duffy attempts to interpret and reveal the thoughts and feelings of those who are alienated. Each poem presents a different interpretation of people in various situations, some more affected by alienation than others. This essay also describes how the language, structure and imagery help to convey the theme of alienation successfully to the reader. Finally this essay suggests other interpretations of the poem and discusses to what extent the speakers in the poems are really alienated. Stealing is written in five stanzas with use of half and internal rhymes and there is a regularity in the line lengths. The internal rhyme makes phrases such as, I wanted him, a mate with a mind as cold as the slice of ice within my own brain, stand out to the reader. This extended metaphor creates a repulsive image of open flesh and blood in the readers mind, making the reader push the thought away perhaps, referring to the way in which people pushed the narrator away. The neatness of the presentation of the poem could represent how neatly the thief is organizing his thoughts on the other hand it contrasts with the thoughts of the reader, as we are confused, as we do not understand the idea of stealing a snowman whereas the narrator does. Duffy uses the technique enjambment often, for example, I joy-ride cars/ to nowhere, this makes the poem sound more like a speech as it is more fluent, this results in making the situation and the speaker in the poem more realistic and therefore more sinister and disconcerting. Similarly, Education for Leisure is written in five stanzas, also with use of internal rhymes. The fact that the poem is written in five equal stanzas, with the exception of the one word line could symbolise that the speaker in the poem has planned his life and he wants to do something to feel recognised and noticed for example, I walk the two miles into ton for signing on. As both poems are dramatic monologues, enjambment is also used here, as it gives the poem energy and pace making it sound like a conversation. However in Education for Leisure there is a full stop at the end of every stanza, upon reflection this could relate to the full stop of life when someone dies or it could symbolise the full stop at the end of every friendship the speaker has had in the past and lost eventually. Alternatively, Originally is written in four stanzas, although there is still a regular use of enjambment: sometimes the enjambment is used between verses as well as between lines. An example of enjambment in this poem is, my voice/in the classroom The word voice fills the gap and bridges the space until it is reduced to in the classroom, emphasising the beginning of alienation when a person is forced to recoil into himself or herself. The word voice, could be linked to the one word line in Education for Leisure, language, as they are both forms of communication. It is interesting to see that one-word lines are prevalent in the three poems. The readers eyes are drawn to them. It happens five times, thrice in Originally and once in both Stealing and Education for Leisure. In Education for Leisure the one-word line is language this is a form of communication and is the way for human to reveal their thoughts and feelings illuminating the fact that people who are alienated cannot reveal their feeling to anybody. In Stealing Duffy chooses to put camera on its own line. A camera usually captures images of happy moments or contains family pictures also a camera never lies illustrating to the reader that the narrator wants to be in a happy moment or in a family picture. Finally the three one-word lines in Originally are understand, think and boys. Understand and think are both imperatives suggesting that they could be directed slightly toward the reader. Girls is a one-word line in The captain of the 1964 Top of the Form Team and serves to suggest what the young narrator might be pre-occupied by: or annoyed by! In Stealing the speaker repeats I several times, possibly illustrating the characters egotism. The speaker could be self-centred as a result of his alienation as he does not have any friends to be fond of and talk to, so he has withdrawn from society. The speaker also seem to glamorise himself, thinking he is a film star for example, observing his actions dispassionately watching his gloved hand, sometimes he even seems to be speaking lines from a script, for example, I sigh like this Aah portraying to the reader that the speaker does not understand the reason why nobody wants to be his friend and assumes it is because they are jealous of him, this also explains his egotism. The line, I joy-ride cars/to nowhere, is eye catching as the two words joy-ride and nowhere contrast and they are almost an oxymoron, this clever technique creates tension as the readers brain does not understand how the two words go together, supporting the overall theme of alienation. Some of the language in the poem is very aggressive and destructive, for example, Im so bored I could eat myself, and The slice of ice within my own brain, exposing how the speakers feeling about his situation of being alienated. It almost makes us sympathise with the speaker as we realize the amount of suffering he/she undergoing (interestingly the reader is not given any strong evidence to reinforce whether the narrator is male or female however, in my own opinion I consider the speaker to be a male as he manages to carry the snowman and strength is usually associated with men, additionally the character steals the snowman and finds it thrilling to think that children would cry when they realise the snowman has gone, one would not expect a woman to think like this as woman are associated with loving and caring for their children). Another interpretation of the aggressive language could be that the speaker is a slightly aggressive person naturally and this could be the reason people have isolated him because they feel threatened by him. Furthermore, the way in which the poem seems to be answering a question, The most unusual thing I have ever stolen? implying the entire poem is a response to a question we have asked and likewise the poem ends as if the character is directly addressing the reader, for example, You dont understand a word Im saying, do you? makes the reader jump and realise that he does not know what the speaker is talking about, as the reader cannot comprehend the idea of stealing a snowman. This explains why the speaker in the poem has been alienated, as people cannot understand him and his ways. In the same way, Education for Leisure repeats I several times throughout the poem to show the characters self-obsession revealing how alienated the speakers are as they focus the conversation with the reader on themself. Colloquialisms, such as bog, make the speaker even more realistic and prosaic, this is eye-catching as Dufy really tries to make the poem as realistic as possible consequently the reader really understands the situation and almost sympathises with the narrator which is unnerving. The word kill, is also repeated a lot, the speaker feels under appreciated because of the treatment he is receiving from others. He does not want to be isolated anymore and therefore feels he needs to play the role of god to achieve some sort of status so that he is recognised. This reveals the speakers frustration. His frustration gives him the compulsion to express himself through violence; Today, I am going to kill something. Therefore he murders the goldfish, the fly and potentially the reader. Another interpretation of why the speaker wants to play the role of God is that he may want to be in control of his life and be able to change the life of someone else. This is almost the same as Stealing though more extreme: the speaker in Stealing steals the snowman in order to be friends with it but this does not happens so he destroys it by contrast in Education for Leisure the speaker has given up trying to make friends and instead results to destructive tendencies. Unlike the other two speakers, the character in Originally is not alienated throughout the whole poem. He is less self-centred and self-assured as she talks about other subjects other than himself, such as her family and her home country, for example, My brothers cried, one of them bawling Home. Contrasting with the other two poems there is no aggressive or destructive language. However, similar to the other two poems Duffy tries to make the poem very realistic, she uses quotes of the character talking to his/hers parents, I want our country, this is successful in making the reader have empathy for the speaker. The use of alliteration on stanza three, seeing, swallow, slug, skelf and shame could symbolise a snake hissing representing evil on the other hand it could represent the sound of the air coming out of a balloon demonstrating that the narrators energy I running out or it could represent a big change to a small change. Interestingly all three poems are written in the first person however, when we read it to ourselves it does not sound like our voice which is usual as anything written in the first person usually sounds like our own voice making us feel slightly alienated. The imagery in Stealing is very inventive and successful when conveying the theme of alienation. The general image of the whole poem is a dark, empty street with a snowman in the centre of it. The coldness and loneliness of the snowman is frequently related to the body of a human. For example, the ice within my own brain, and chill piercing my gut. This is thought provoking as it could be symbolising the coldness and seclusion of the speaker hence revealing feelings and thoughts. Duffy also uses an interesting contrast with the destruction of the snowman, Then I was standing amongst lumps of now,' and I nicked the bust of Shakespeare, she makes the contrast between creative and destructive: illustrating the harmful nature of the speaker even more to the reader, perhaps, explaining the reason why other people have isolated him. In the phrase, I wanted him, a mate, illuminates how desperate the speaker is for companionship. The term mate could be interpreted as a buddy, companion or a soul mate. This vague term suggests that the speaker does not mind who are his friends, comrade or soul mate and he just wants somebody to be with and talk to. In both Stealing and Education or Leisure both speakers come across as very self-centered. Alienation or the root of alienation could either cause this, as they do not have many people to talk to and think about. Similarly in Stealing there is an interesting reference to Shakespeare in the poem. It displays a link with one of Shakespeares tragedies called King Lear. A character in King Lear named Gloucester uses flies as a metaphor for the misery and suffering of men, As flies to want on boys are we to the gods, they kill us for they sport Gloucesters speech commended humanity and discourages cruelty and brutality. The speaker in the poem seems to have not understood the meaning of the speech, as the good values Gloucester encourages seem to be alien to him. When the speaker in Education for Leisure is compared to the character in Stealing it is hard to establish which person is more alienated than the other. The speaker in Stealing seems slightly saner and poses less of a risk to the lives of humans and animals. The character in Education for Leisure is in less control of his/her life and could even be insane. Another interpretation is that the speaker in both of the poems could be the same person in different stages of their life. In Originally there is a slight hint of Duffys childhood, as she had to once move to a different place away from her home country Ireland. This poem could be an expression of her feelings and thoughts at that time. She uses a lot of imagery that refers back to a mother. For example, our mother singing, and We came from our own country in a red room, the red room could be referring to a mothers womb from which all humans originate. The main reason I chose these three poems is that the speakers are all very similar to each other. It is almost as if they are the same person growing up and getting more and more affected by being isolated by other people. All the three speakers in these poems have been alienated in some way, mainly because they do not seem normal compared to the other people in their surroundings, so they have a sense of being outsiders. However, if the speakers are really alienated, it is a powerful and shocking technique that Duffy uses by ending her poems with a direct suggestion to the reader, for example, I touch your arm, and You dont understand a word Im saying, do you. The fact that they are talking to us could be said to make us complicit in their possible crimes and this is what makes these poems extremely disturbing and thought-provoking.

Body modification Essay Example

Body modification Essay Example Body modification Essay Body modification Essay Presents. pupils have more chances to take what athletics they want to play. One of them. for illustration. is Ultimate Frisbee. It is a lifting athletics here in the Philippines. It is played with a phonograph record with 7 participants per squad. 4 male childs and 3 misss or 5 male childs and 2 misss but the 4/3 ratio is more applied in about all conferences and tourneies. Basically. the end of this game is to hit in an terminal zone and played with a 50-min. clip cap or in the finals merely a 15-pt. point cap. There have been infinite conferences and tourneies for pupils. One sort of tourney is the NUCC or the National Ultimate Collegiate Championship. It is tournament entirely for pupils and alumnas of different schools. I asked some of the student-athletes on how they manage their clip on playing and faculty members. It is reasonably difficult to pull off clip with the preparation agenda and their faculty members. as I am one of the student-athletes. Some of the 1s that I asked answered that they put their faculty members foremost before they go to play or to develop and some procrastinate their acads for ultimate Frisbee while some have a specific agenda for preparation. All of the student-athlete say that they sometime have to give one for the other but they try to acquire back what they lost. They say that it’s clip direction that you need when you are a Students of these are: dry-fit shirt with the team’s name on the forepart and the player’s figure on the dorsum. dry-fit trunkss. and cleats or spikes. Injuries are about a portion of playing this athletics as sometimes you can non foretell that you will hold a bantam contusion or even yet interrupt your anterior cruciform ligament or ACL or your mortise joints so some of the participants who already injured their ACL or mortise joints have knee or ankle support when they play. after their recovery. and to protect them from the harmful beams of the Sun they wear sunscreen. chapeaus. and rash guards. Sometimes the disc faux pass off the custodies of the participants hence they wear a particular baseball mitt that is anti-slip. The images below are illustrations of what Ultimate Frisbee participants wear. There is besides a new up-rising athletics in the universe of Board Sports here in the Philippines. It is Longboarding or Downhill Longboarding. Basically. a longboard is merely the bigger brother of the skateboard because the longboard is bigger. wider. and more stable than the skateboard. The regulation of Downhill Longboarding is like any other race-oriented athletics. whoever goes through the finish line wins but the turn is you are in a board with velocities making up to 75 kilometers per hours depending on what the path is and the fastest known hill here in Metro Manila is in Sierra Madre. There are besides different types of competition in Longboarding non merely downhill rushing. and they are: Slide jams. and Push races. Slide jam is a competition where you can demo what your hardest and coolest fast ones and Judgess decide who the victor is. Push race is a race where you push or in the players’ slang term padyak from the get downing line to the finish line and the distance is really far. The last recent push race held here in Metro Manila. the Sector 9’s Push Don’t Pollute which was a 10-km race. These competitions have assorted classs and they are: Men’s A. Men’s B. Women’s. Amateur. and Open. There is a really particular sort of playing longboard and it combines all the three types. it is Freeriding. In Freeriding. you can make hideous impetuss and slides which is on an unfastened route unlike the other three where you are playing on a closed route. And under Freeriding is Freestyles. on this type you can make dances. grab fast ones. and manuals or wheelies. Like all other utmost athleticss. Downhill Longboarding has besides safety regulations like: wear safety cogwheels and leathers. Safety cogwheels are helmet. baseball mitts. articulatio genus tablets. and elbow tablets. In downhill racing. the safety cogwheels are merely helmet. baseball mitts and leathers. And in the other two. its helmet. baseball mitts. knee tablets and/or elbow tablets. Here are the exposure illustrations of Longboarding: The Hippie: Carmela Llorca An Article on Hipsterism on psychologytoday. com The Sad Science of Hipsterism The Psychology of Indie Bands. PBR and Weird Facial Hair Published on September 8. 2010 by Jeff Wise in Extreme Fear Behold the hippie. the stylishly ill-affected strain of twentysomethings whose fog of twee notion envelops Williamsburg and the East Village. Most who encounter the hippie in its natural home ground respond in one of two ways: derision or ridicule. But scientific discipline does non project judgement. Its end is to research and explicate dispassionately. whether the object of survey be the baronial bird of Jove or the humble roundworm. So what does scientific discipline hold to state us about this fascinatingly misunderstood strain. the autochthonal North American hippie? Surprisingly much. In a paper in an approaching issue of the Journal of Consumer Research entitled Demythologizing Consumption Practices: How Consumers Protect Their Field- Dependent Identity Investments from Devaluing Marketplace Myths. writers Zeynep Arsel and Craig J. Thompson dig deep into the phenomenon of hipsterism. and in peculiar its most enduring enigma: if everyone hates flower peoples. why would anyone desire to be one? The long and short of it is that they don’t. In general. psychologists who study consumers understand that people are mostly motivated to pass money non merely on things that they materially need. but that bolster their sense of individuality. They purchase non merely goods and services. but mythologies. Imagining themselves as rugged. rebellious nationalists. they buy a Harley-Davidson. Imagining themselves as respected and comfortable. they buy a Lexus. Hipsters. though. follow a different paradigm. Their job is that their purchases tend to put them within a class whose mythology they despise. That’s right: Cipher likes flower peoples. non even flower peoples. As Arsel and Thompson put it. the beats of the ’50s and flower peoples of the ’60s and ’70s. both of which had an admirable genuineness about them even if you didn’t care for the specifics. finally gave rise to the millennian hippie. which came to be represented as an uberconsumer of tendencies and as a new. and instead fleeceable. mark market that consumes cool instead than making it. As illustrations of the dorkification they cite on-line lampoons of the iconic Mac v. PC ads and this viral YouTube picture. The upshot being that any people who lawfully enjoy all the furnishings on hipsterhood - the writers mention Pabst Blue Ribbon. Puma. and the teamster hat - must psychologically distance themselves from the demographic group of which they are so clearly a portion. And so their subconscious encephalons have to work dual clip so that they can convert themselves that the things they buy do non reflect on their true character. Arsel and Thompson interviewed flower peoples and asked them how they dealt with the job of being identified as such. The reply. they found. was to demythologize the hippie experience. that is. to psychologically reclassify their ain behaviour as being separate from the sum activity that the remainder of the universe lumps together as hipster. They interviewed one consumer. identified as Scarlet. who told them: I’m non gon na lie. I shop at Urban [ Outfitters ] sometimes. merely when it’s on sale of course†¦ I like making a batch of the things that are the hipster thing to make. but I do them because I like to make them. non because they’re the cool thing to make. And because I am immersed in the societal scene where there are a batch of flower peoples. people mistake me for being one of them. The deeper sarcasm is that those who try to asseverate their independency from the commodification of individuality wind up tapping into another market place myth. what the writers call the myth of consumer sovereignty. This is the thought that by assiduously choosing from all the individuality markers available for purchase. a individual can piece one that genuinely reflects their true ego independent of the market place. Some of the flower peoples that Arsel and Thompson talked to are good cognizant of the futility of this undertaking. Said 1. identified as Tom : I don’t needfully cognize every individual eldritch vague set. I don’t needfully want to. But I mean. yeah. who do I hang out with? I hang out with like a clump of tattooed indie jerks. So. yeah. I guess I am but I wouldn’t self-identify. I think. I’d listen to stuff that’s outside the mainstream or it’s like I dress eldritch compared to the bulk of the population. I merely seek non to believe about it excessively much. The minute you start placing with a subculture†¦you sort of lose individualism. give up portion of your individuality. and we don’t pale sodiums do that. This. so. is the kernel of being a hippie. Feigning you aren’t one. Filipino flower peoples today can be found chiefly in Cubao Expo or in The Collective in Makati. Many flower peoples hate that they are called flower peoples because it would imply them to a certain stereotype. Jobless. irresponsible. beer-drinking. night-dwelling twentysomethings who have vast cognition of some vague subject that is non mainstream. The end is. the more you know of this something that has been neer heard of. the higher you are in the hippie ladder. Extra points to those who are environmentally cognizant. more points if you are vegetarian and more points if you merely smoke either marihuana or coffin nails. Sarcasm and wit are the chief agencies of treatment and normally subjects flow from which was the best circa for Gallic films to Philosophical return on my java choices Nonetheless. this phase of life is a purgatory for those who don’t have anything solid they can name a calling or merely lazy to really get down on and would instead debate on the importance of a occupation. Don’t acquire me incorrect. there are ACTUAL HIPSTERS. Those whose existent being is an supporter of the past epoch. have an involvement in something peculiar or likely. truly an conservationist who goes around siting motorcycles. The Professional: Theresa Llamas Racial stereotypes of one hundred college pupils. Katz. D. ; Braly. K. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. Vol 28 ( 3 ) . Oct 1933. 280-290. The grade of understanding among the pupils in delegating features from a list of 84 adjectives to different races seemed excessively great to be the consequence entirely of the students’ contacts with members of those races. Individual experience may hold entered into a student’s judgement. but it likely did so to corroborate the original stereotype which he had learned. Because human existences from clip to clip exhibit all sorts of behaviour he could happen verification of his positions. By excluding instances which contradict the stereotype. the single becomes convinced from association with a race that its members are merely the sort of people he ever thought they were. The mode in which public and private attitudes are bound up together was shown in the order of the 10 racial and national groups as determined by the determinateness with which pupils assigned features to them. The determinateness of the stereotypic image of a race. nevertheless. had small relation to the bias exhibited against that race. ( PsycINFO Database Record ( degree Celsius ) 2012 APA. all rights reserved ) COLLEGE STUDENTS WITH TATTOOS AND PIERCINGS: MOTIVES. FAMILY EXPERIENCES. PERSONALITY FACTORS. AND PERCEPTION BY OTHERS GORDON B. FORBES Body piercing. which is prevalent in immature grownups. has been suggested to be associated with characteristics normally related to posttraumatic emphasis upset ( PTSD ) such as bad behaviors and psychopathic symptoms and might be motivated by a wish to cover with anterior traumatic experiences. However. to day of the month. no research has investigated the relationship between this pattern and PTSD symptoms. The present research aims to look into the possible relationship between organic structure piercing and PTSD symptoms in French-speaking immature grownups. Harmonizing to our consequences. holding two or more organic structure piercings was associated with a twofold increased hazard for hiting above the cut-off mark for PTSD on the PTSD checklist. Our findings suggest that two or more organic structure piercings might function as an identifiable marker for PTSD symptoms and may hold of import deductions for clinical showing. Copyright  © 2012 John Wiley A ; Sons. Ltd. Read More: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. amsciepub. com/doi/abs/10. 2466/pr0. 2001. 89. 3. 774 PERSONALITY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TATTOOED AND NONTATTOOED INDIVIDUALS VIREN SWAMI This survey examined differences between tattooed and non-tattooed persons on a scope of personality and single difference steps. A community sample of 540 persons from the southern German-speaking country of cardinal Europe completed a study dwelling of steps of the Big Five personality factors. Need for Uniqueness. Self-esteem. esthesis seeking. Religious and Religious Beliefs. Attitudes Toward Tattoos. tattoo ownership. and demographics. Preliminary analyses showed that 22 % of the entire sample possessed at least one tattoo. Further analyses showed that. compared with non-tattooed ( n = 420 ) persons. tattooed participants ( n = 120 ) had significantly higher tonss on Extraversion. Experience Seeking. Need for Uniqueness. and held more positive Attitudes Toward Tattoos. although consequence sizes of these group differences were by and large small- to moderate-sized. These consequences are considered in relation to the modern-day prevalence of tattoos in socioeconomically developed societies. Read More: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. amsciepub. com/doi/abs/10. 2466/09. 07. 21. PR0. 111. 4. 97-106 Exploring professional stereotypes and larning for inter-professional pattern: an illustration from UK measure uping flat societal work instruction. Bell. Linda and Allain. Lucille ( 2010 ) Researching professional stereotypes and larning for inter-professional pattern: an illustration from UK measure uping flat societal work instruction. Social Work Education. 30 ( 3 ) . pp. 266-280. ISSN 0261-5479 This paper explores the construct of pigeonholing from UK societal work students’ and educators’ positions. It discusses findings from an geographic expedition of inter-professional pattern with two cohorts of concluding twelvemonth societal work pupils in a UK university. The writers adapted a questionnaire ( Barnes et al. 2000 ; Hean et Al. 2006 ) to originate treatment about inter-professional working with BA and MA pupils take parting in a specializer kid and household societal work faculty. This paper analyses students’ responses to the questionnaire and explores wider issues associating to professional stereotyping and individuality. discoursing the utility of these constructs for societal work instruction and collaborative pattern. Consequences suggest that pupil societal workers held both positive and negative premises about specific businesss / professions ( such as medical specialty ) . and that these acted as a mirror or tool for reflecting back their ain positions of societal work identity/ies. We argue that this pedagogic exercising in placing stereotyped premises about others’ may promote the edifice of a positive sense of own’ professional individuality. We farther suggest that pupils should be encouraged to build a nucleus societal work individuality that is dynamic and antiphonal to altering contexts. Body alterations. sexual activity. and spiritual patterns. Rivardo MG. Keelan CM. Beginning: Department of Psychology. Saint Vincent College. 300 Fraser Purchase Road. Latrobe. PA 15650. USA. grade. [ electronic mail protected ]/*edu Relations among organic structure alterations ( i. e. . tattoos and piercings ) . sexual activity. and spiritual patterns and beliefs were examined. In old surveies. Koch and co-workers found the type of organic structure alteration seemed to interact with sex to foretell sexual activity ; but merely weak. negative correlativities were found between tattoos and spiritual beliefs and patterns. In a sample of 236 pupils ( M age=20. 1 yr. ) from a little Catholic broad humanistic disciplines college. Numberss of tattoos and sexual spouses were correlated statistically significantly. Other consequences differed by t sex: work forces with piercings were more likely to hold had prenuptial intercourse. and adult females who had had prenuptial intercourse had more piercings than adult females who had non. There were no statistically important correlativities among organic structure alterations and spiritual variables.